Effectiveness of Contrast-Enhanced CT Venography 3D Reconstruction for Emergency Surgery in Non-Occlusive Mesenteric Ischemia: A Case Report

Yasuo Suehiro, et al.

INTRODUCTION: Nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia (NOMI) is a lethal postoperative complication associated with a dismal prognosis. It generally causes hemodynamic instability, and thus prompt and appropriate management is required for both examination and treatment. We report a case of NOMI that was diagnosed by CT and angiography after cardiac surgery and was successfully treated by enterectomy.

Giant Cervicothoracic Madelung Disease Presenting with Airway Compromise: A Case Report from Ethiopia

Amanuel Mesfin Oljira, et al.

INTRODUCTION: To describe a rare (airway-threatening) cervicothoracic presentation of Madelung disease (multiple symmetric lipomatosis) with upper mediastinal extension and to introduce a reproducible peri-operative strategy in a resource-limited setting.

Ectopic Cervical Thymoma with Myasthenia Gravis and Pure Red Cell Aplasia: A Case Report

Eiji Narusawa, et al.

INTRODUCTION: Ectopic cervical thymoma is an extremely rare tumor, particularly when associated with myasthenia gravis and pure red cell aplasia.

A Case of Brachial Plexus Injury Induced by Intraoperative Positioning during Thoracoscopic Resection of a Mediastinal Tumor

Daiki Takei, et al.

INTRODUCTION: Brachial plexus injury is a rare but serious complication of thoracic surgery performed in the lateral position. Improper positioning of the upper limb or neck can increase the risk of nerve damage. Risk factors include excessive abduction of the upper limb and hyperextension of the neck. Preventive measures—such as preoperative simulation of surgical positioning, regular intraoperative reassessment of limb and neck alignment, and close collaboration among surgeons, anesthesiologists, and nursing staff—are critical for ensuring patient safety.

Early Local Recurrence as Invasive Micropapillary Carcinoma after Skin-Sparing Mastectomy with Immediate Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator Flap Reconstruction for Ductal Carcinoma in situ

Takeshi Hashimoto, et al.

INTRODUCTION: Skin-sparing mastectomy with immediate breast reconstruction has been widely adopted to achieve both oncological safety and favorable cosmetic outcomes. Local recurrence after this procedure is generally considered a late event, and early postoperative recurrence at a brief period is uncommon. The mechanisms underlying early local recurrence after skin-sparing mastectomy, particularly in patients with ductal carcinoma in situ, remain incompletely understood. We report a rare case of early local recurrence as invasive micropapillary carcinoma following skin-sparing mastectomy with immediate autologous reconstruction for extensive ductal carcinoma in situ.

Pathological Complete Response after Surgery following Chemotherapy with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Gastric Cancer with Liver Metastases: Two Case Reports

Kazuki Nishino, et al.

INTRODUCTION: In recent years, advances in pharmacotherapy, including the introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), have affected treatment strategies for advanced gastric cancer. Surgical intervention after systemic therapy has the potential to improve the prognosis of patients with advanced gastric cancer and liver metastases. Herein, we report two cases in which gastrectomy and hepatectomy were performed after pharmacotherapy with ICIs, resulting in a pathological complete response.

Surgical Management of a Rare Ascending Aortic Mural Thrombus Using a Modified Brain Isolation Strategy: A Case Report

Rei Sueoka, et al.

INTRODUCTION: Ascending aortic mural thrombus (AMT) is an exceptionally rare condition. Diagnosis is often difficult because non-ECG-gated contrast-enhanced CT is susceptible to motion artifacts, and the distal ascending aorta can sometimes be challenging to evaluate using transesophageal echocardiography. A standardized surgical strategy for ascending AMT has not been established.

A Case of Abdominal Closure Using Endoscopic Anterior Component Separation Following Open Abdomen Management for Colon PerforationA Case of Abdominal Closure Using Endoscopic Anterior Component Separation Following Open Abdomen Management for Colon Perforation

Chika Morita, et al.

INTRODUCTION: In open abdomen management (OAM), consistent early closure is crucial to avoid complications and improve short- and long-term outcomes. Open anterior component separation (OCS) has been reported to be a method for early definitive closure after OAM. Originally, OCS is a common treatment option for incisional hernias. However, a major drawback is the high incidence of surgical site occurrences (SSOs) owing to impaired blood flow. This is caused by damage to the perforating branches supplying the skin from the rectus abdominis muscle, necessitating extensive subcutaneous dissection. To overcome these limitations, endoscopic anterior component separation (ECS) was developed. By eliminating the need for extensive subcutaneous dissection, perforating branches were preserved in the abdominal wall, significantly reducing SSOs. While reports of OCS being performed for definitive closure after OAM are occasionally seen, there have been no previous case reports applying ECS. We therefore present this case.

Pathological Complete Response after Robot-Assisted Pulmonary Resection Following CDK4/6 Inhibitor–Combined Endocrine Therapy for Endobronchial Oligometastatic Breast Cancer: A Case Report

Hikari Nitahara, et al.

INTRODUCTION: Endobronchial metastasis from breast cancer is rare. Even in oligometastatic disease, systemic therapy remains the standard treatment, and the role of surgical resection is not well established. We report a case of endobronchial oligometastatic breast cancer that achieved pathological complete response (pCR) after endocrine therapy combined with a cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitor, followed by pulmonary resection.

Confronting Upside-Down Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery for Anterior Mediastinal Leiomyoma

Yuma Takeuchi, et al.

INTRODUCTION: Leiomyoma is a benign smooth muscle tumor typically arising in the uterus or gastrointestinal tract; its occurrence in the anterior mediastinum is extremely rare. The differential diagnosis of anterior mediastinal tumors usually includes thymoma, germ cell tumors, and lymphoma, whereas leiomyoma is rarely considered.

Apocrine Ductal Carcinoma in situ Ex Pleomorphic Adenoma of the Breast: A Rare Case Report

Tadahiro Isono, et al.

INTRODUCTION: Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) of the breast is an extremely rare benign tumor, and malignant transformation within PA is exceptional. Only a few cases have been reported, and none have described apocrine ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) arising in PA. We report a case of apocrine-type DCIS considered to have developed from mammary PA.

Near-Fatal Hemodynamic Collapse during Recovery from Staged Bladder Tumor Resection in a Patient with Giant Left Atrial Myxoma: A Case for Immediate Sequential Surgery

Kazuko Tokiya, et al.

INTRODUCTION: Surgical management of a large, obstructive left atrial (LA) myxoma coexisting with an active bleeding source presents a significant clinical dilemma. The systemic heparinization required for cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) carries a high risk of exacerbating hemorrhage, whereas delaying cardiac surgery leaves the patient vulnerable to fatal myxoma-related complications.