Long-Term Survival after Treatment with Induction Therapy and Surgery for Mediastinal Carcinoma of Unknown Primary

Yasushi Sakamaki, et al.

INTRODUCTION: Carcinoma of unknown primary (CUP) is rarely located in the mediastinum. Most cases are revealed to be metastatic lymph node carcinoma, which carries a poor prognosis. The optimal treatment for CUP confined to the mediastinum is yet to be established, and the long-term outcome of induction therapy in combination with surgery for mediastinal CUP is unclear.

Successful Left Trisectionectomy for Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma in a Patient with a Right-Sided Round Ligament: A Case Report

Masashi Utsumi, et al.

INTRODUCTION: A right-sided round ligament (RSRL) is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by the umbilical vein being connected to the right paramedian trunk. As it is associated with intrahepatic vascular anomalies, it poses special difficulties in hepatic resection, and an accurate understanding of those anomalies is indispensable.

A Case of Induction Chemoimmunotherapy and Sleeve Lobectomy to Avoid Pneumonectomy for Central Squamous Cell Lung Cancer

Ayaka Asakawa, et al.

INTRODUCTION: Recently, neoadjuvant immunotherapy plus chemotherapy has been provided for patients with stage II-III resectable lung cancer. We report a case in which a pneumonectomy was avoided by administrating neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy.

A Unique Case of Intra-Abdominal Diffuse Lymphangiomatosis Mimicking a Pseudomyxoma Peritonei

Andreas R. R. Weiss, et al.

INTRODUCTION: Localized cystic lymphangiomas (CL) are rare benign tumors deriving from the lymphatic system. CL is diagnosed more frequently in children than in the adult population and, although commonly affecting the cervical and axillary regions, can develop in various parts of the body. Abdominal cystic lymphangioma (ACL) comprises less than 5% of all CL cases.

A Case of Biliary Intraepithelial Neoplasm in a Young Man Diagnosed by Laparoscopic Hepatectomy to Treat Recurrent Intrahepatic Lithiasis and Cholangitis

Yuto Yamahata, et al.

INTRODUCTION: Biliary intraepithelial neoplasia (BilIN) is defined as a bile duct epithelial tumor with intraductal papillary neoplasia of the bile duct. BiIlN is a precancerous lesion of intrabiliary neoplasia. We performed laparoscopic hepatic resection for recurrent cholangitis due to intrahepatic lithiasis and diagnosed BilIN. This case suggests that it is necessary to consider the possibility of malignancy in cases of repeat cholangitis due to intrahepatic lithiasis.

Mesenteric SMARCA2-Deficient Yet SMARCA4-Preserved Aggressive Undifferentiated Tumor: A Case Report

Ichiro Tamaki, et al.

INTRODUCTION: The SWItch Sucrose Non-Fermentable (SWI/SNF) chromatin remodeling complex, which includes components such as SMARCA4 and SMARCA2, regulates gene expression by controlling chromatin compaction and accessibility in an ATP-dependent manner. These components are also implicated in carcinogenesis. Thoracic SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated tumor is a recently introduced category in the fifth edition of the WHO classification in 2021, typically exhibiting rhabdoid morphology in adults.

Confronting Upside-Down Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery Approach for Hemorrhagic Bronchogenic Cyst Manifested by Sudden Back Pain

Masato Kambe, et al.

INTRODUCTION: Bronchogenic cysts, arising from an aberrant bronchial primordium inclusion during the fetal period, are typically located in the mediastinum but can develop in ectopic regions. While generally asymptomatic, these cysts may become symptomatic due to infection or, rarely, hemorrhage. This report details a case of a hemorrhagic bronchogenic cyst in the supradiaphragmatic region, successfully resected using video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) with a confronting upside-down monitor setting.

Reconstruction of a Complex Posterior Tracheal Wall Defect via Transtracheal Running Suture and Pedicled Pectoralis Major Muscle Flap

Tomoyuki Nakagiri, et al.

INTRODUCTION: A tracheal membranous injury is a known complication of tracheostomy. After esophageal resection, such injury may prove fatal. No natural buttressing of the lesion occurs, and severe sepsis and mediastinitis may occur. In these situations, a circumferential tracheal resection is the treatment of choice, sometimes on cardiopulmonary bypass. However, the outcome is not always favorable.

The Usefulness of Intraoperative Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Imaging in Surgical Treatment of Refractory Chylothorax in Pediatric Patients: A Case Report

Kanji Ishizu, et al.

INTRODUCTION: Chylothorax is one of the complications in cardiovascular surgery. Although prolonged chylothorax leads to critical status and is associated with high mortality, its treatment has not been well established. We present a successful case of surgical treatment of chylothorax in a neonate using indocyanine green to identify the site of lymphatic leakage.

Incidental T1a Gallbladder Cancer with Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma Following Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Case Report

Yoshihito Kitamura, et al.

INTRODUCTION: Signet ring cell carcinoma (SRC) of the gallbladder is a rare type of gallbladder cancer. We report a case of SRC of the gallbladder that was characterized by the diffuse presence of SRC on the gallbladder mucosa and diagnosed after cholecystectomy.

Pulmonary Lobectomy for Chronic Pulmonary Vein Occlusion after Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation: A Case Report and Literature Review

Satoshi Suzuki, et al.

INTRODUCTION: Pulmonary vein stenosis (PVS) is known as one of the chronic complications after catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF). The endovascular approach is a less invasive treatment option for PVS, while pulmonary lobectomy is also chosen, especially for patients with pulmonary vein occlusion. Here, we present a case of pulmonary vein occlusion accompanied by pulmonary necrosis that was successfully treated by pulmonary lobectomy.

A Case of Pleomorphic Adenoma and Ductal Carcinoma In Situ in the Same Mammary Gland

Shiho Nagasawa, et al.

INTRODUCTION: Pleomorphic adenoma is a benign tumor that frequently occurs in the salivary glands; however, it occurs in the breast rarely. There have been few reports of breast cancer complicated by pleomorphic adenoma of the mammary gland.