Transmesocolic Hernia of the Ascending Colon: A Rare Cause of Small Bowel Obstruction in an Older Patient

Yuki Yokota et al.

INTRODUCTION: Transmesocolic hernia of the ascending colon is an extremely rare cause of small bowel obstruction. Due to its rarity and nonspecific clinical features, preoperative diagnosis of internal hernia is challenging.

Pancreatic Cancer Mimicking Relapse of Autoimmune Pancreatitis: Case Reports

Hideaki Kojima, et al.

INTRODUCTION: Although pancreatic cancer rarely co-occurs with autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP), distinguishing between AIP relapse and pancreatic cancer remains difficult, potentially leading to delayed diagnosis. A recent nationwide survey in Japan indicated that pancreatic cancer underlies a significant proportion of cancer-related deaths among patients with AIP.

A Case of Omental Bleeding as a Result of Segmental Arterial Mediolysis Treated Successfully by Laparoscopic Partial Omentectomy

Yudai Mimata et al.

INTRODUCTION: Segmental arterial mediolysis (SAM) is a rare, non-atherosclerotic, non-inflammatory arteriopathy characterized by lysis of the arterial media, leading to aneurysm formation and possible rupture. Although visceral arteries are typically involved, SAM-induced omental bleeding is extremely uncommon. While transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) has been reported, surgical resection offers both definitive hemostasis and histopathological confirmation.

Resection of a Pulmonary Hamartoma That Transformed into Stage IVB Lung Cancer over a 4-Year Period: A Case Report

Yoshitaka Fujii, et al.

INTRODUCTION: Pulmonary hamartoma (PH) is the most frequent benign tumor of the lung; however, the induction of malignant tumors and malignant transformation has been reported.

Mesh-Augmented Ventral Hernia Repair Despite Iatrogenic Staphylococcus aureus-Peritonitis Due to Progressive Pneumoperitoneum: A Case Report

Robin Klewitz, et al.

INTRODUCTION: Loss-of-domain in large incisional hernia needs to be addressed by mesh-augmented repair combined with a combination of component separation techniques: progressive pneumoperitoneum (PPP) and chemical component separation with botulinum toxin A. In this case report, successful management of an iatrogenic Staphylococcus aureus peritonitis caused by PPP with nevertheless definitive treatment of a giant loss-of-domain ventral hernia is presented.

Distal Cholangiocarcinoma with Synchronous Intramural Bile Duct Metastasis: A Case Report

Ryota Kiuchi, et al.

INTRODUCTION: Distal cholangiocarcinoma is a malignant tumor that arises from the epithelial cells of the bile duct. Several risk factors associated with cholangiocarcinoma have been identified. Multiple distal cholangiocarcinomas may occur in patients with several risk factors for cholangiocarcinoma. However, synchronous multiple distal cholangiocarcinomas in the absence of risk factors are rare. Here, we presented a case of multiple tumors on the bile duct diagnosed as distal cholangiocarcinoma with synchronous intramural bile duct metastasis.

Surgery for Aspergillus Empyema with Refractory Pleural Fistula Following COVID-19 Pneumonia after Temporizing Measure Using Endobronchial Watanabe Spigot: A Case Report

Shota Umeda, et al.

INTRODUCTION: Approximately 20% of patients who contract coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pneumonia require oxygen therapy; of these patients, approximately 5% progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome, necessitating mechanical ventilation. The incidence of secondary infections among patients with COVID-19 is relatively low (16% for bacterial infections and 6.3% for fungal infections), but is predominantly observed in those with severe respiratory failure. Microvascular damage in COVID-19 can also lead to thrombus formation, causing infarctions, and in some cases, necrotizing pneumonia with cavity formation. Pulmonary resection may be necessary in patients who develop pneumothorax or empyema. Management options in complicated COVID-19 continue to evolve and should be individualized. Here, we present a case of Aspergillus empyema with refractory pleural fistula following COVID-19 pneumonia.

A Case of Anomalous Systemic Arterial Supply to the Posterior Basal Segment of Normal Lung in a Patient with Dextrocardia

Aya Yamamoto et al.

INTRODUCTION: Dextrocardia, a condition characterized by the heart’s anomalous positioning to the right, is frequently associated with venous abnormalities, but arterial anomalies are rare. In particular, systemic arterial supply to the posterior basal segment of a normal lung in dextrocardia is an exceedingly rare finding, with only one previously reported case.

Duodenocaval Fistula Caused by Post-Bulbar Duodenal Ulcer: A Case Report

Hirotaka Ishido et al.

INTRODUCTION: Duodenocaval fistula (DCF) is a rare, life-threatening disease with a mortality rate of approximately 40%. There are several types of etiologies for DCF. Among these, duodenal ulcers are the most dangerous, with a mortality rate of 63.6%. This report describes a case of DCF caused by a duodenal ulcer that was successfully diagnosed and treated, and discusses why duodenal ulcer-induced DCF results in severe outcomes, with a review of the literature.

Toxic Shock Syndrome Triggered by Thoracic Drain Insertion: A Pediatric Case Report

Kanako Omata, et al.

INTRODUCTION: Postoperative Staphylococcus and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (TSS) are associated with significant morbidity and mortality rates. As a result, surgical awareness is required to recognize and treat TSS appropriately. We report a pediatric case of TSS after thoracentesis for a pneumothorax.

A Case of Curative Surgery after Effective Chemotherapy for Gastric Adenocarcinoma with Enteroblastic Differentiation Accompanied by Synchronous Multiple Liver Metastases

Shuhei Yamada et al.

INTRODUCTION: Gastric adenocarcinoma with enteroblastic differentiation (GAED) is associated with a poor prognosis because of high rates of liver and lymph node metastases. While systemic chemotherapy is the standard treatment for gastric cancer (GC) with liver metastases, several studies suggest that hepatectomy, when combined with multimodal treatment, may provide a survival benefit. However, the role of surgical resection for GAED with liver metastases remains controversial.

A Resected Case of Hepatic Angiomyolipoma with Tumor Hemorrhage and Undetectable Fat Causing Diagnostic Difficulty

Yumeo Tateyama, et al.

INTRODUCTION: Hepatic angiomyolipoma (AML) is a rare, benign mesenchymal tumor with variable imaging features, often complicating differentiation from malignancy. We report a case of hepatic AML that showed progressive enlargement due to intratumoral hemorrhage, without detectable fat on imaging.